Back pain is estimated to affect 80% of the population at some point in their lives. It is also the single largest cause of disability in the UK, with lower back pain (lumbago) alone accounting for 11% of the total disability of the UK population. The NHS NICE guidelines for low back pain and sciatica advocate osteopathy, in conjunction with exercise, as a recommended treatment.


Back Pain

Lower Back Pain

While sometimes localised to the lower back, pain can also be felt in the buttock, groin, leg and foot. It can be caused by injury or dysfunction of any of the structures in the lower back: discs, ligaments, muscles or joints. However, in reality there are often more than one of these involved. Below are some of the common causes of lower back pain that I see in clinic:

  • Facet joint restrictions or injury (facet joints are the joints at the back of your spine between the vertebrae)
  • Osteoarthritis and age-related spinal ‘wear and tear’ to joints and discs
  • Disc herniation or prolapse
  • Pelvic torsion affecting sacroiliac joint (SIJ) function (often due to issues with the legs, or the pelvic changes/movements during and after pregnancy)
  • Muscle strain and muscle imbalance (especially around the hips)
  • Ligament sprain

 

Sciatica

The term sciatica is now often used to describe any leg pain symptoms with back pain. True ‘sciatica’ is when the sciatic nerve, which travels into the leg, is irritated (often within the spine) causing symptoms in the leg(s). It usually only affects one side, causing symptoms that include:

  • 'Pins and needles'/tingling or numbness in the leg or foot
  • Sharp searing or burning pain down the back or side of the leg
  • Weakness in the leg, ankle or foot

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